>> In MATLAB environment, every variable is an array or matrix. You can assign variables in a simple way. For example,
x = 3 ( defining x and initializing it with a value )
MATLAB will execute :
x =
3
It creates a 1-by-1 matrix named x and stores the value 3 in its element.
>> Note that:
1. Once a variable is entered into the system, you can refer to it later.
2. Variables must have values before they are used.
3. When an expression returns a result that is not assigned to any variable, the system assigns it to a variable named ans, which can be used later. For example,
Now try it yourself
x = 7 * 8;
y = x * 7.89
What will be value of y ?
Multiple Assignments:
You can assign multiple variables on the same line. For example,
a = 2; b = 7; c = a * b
MATLAB will execute it as
c = 14 as shown
Who, Whos and Clear commands:
>> who
The who command displays all the variable names you have used.
who
MATLAB will show all the variables you used and show:
>> whos
The whos command displays little more about the variables:
1. Variables currently in memory.
2. Type of each variables.
3. Memory allocated to each variable.
4. Whether they are complex variables or not
>> clear
The clear command deletes all or the specific variable(s) from the memory.
1. clear x ( it will delete x, won't display anything )
2. clear ( it will delete all variables in the workspace peacefully and unobtrusively)
3. clc ( it will clear command window )
Assigning the ellipses:
If a statement is very long then it can be extended to other line by using ellipses ( ... ). For example,copy the following example and check it on MATLAB
number_1=20;
number_2=40;
average=(number_1 ...
+ number_2)/2
The format Command:
>> By default, MATLAB displays numbers with four decimal place values. This is known as format short.
>>However, if you want more precision, you need to use the format command. The format long command displays 16 digits after decimal.
>> Both format long and short is shown in figure below.
>> The format bank command rounds numbers to two decimal places. For example,
>> The format short e command allows displaying in exponential form with four decimal places plus the exponent as shown.
>> The format long e command allows displaying in exponential form with 15 decimal places plus the exponent as shown,
>> The format rat command gives the closest rational expression resulting from a calculation as shown,
Creating vectors:
A vector is a one-dimensional array of numbers. MATLAB allows creating two types of vectors:
1. Row vectors
2. Column vectors
>> Row vectors are created by enclosing the set of elements in square brackets, using space or comma to delimit the elements as shown in example 1 and example 2,
>> Column vectors are created by enclosing the set of elements in square brackets, using semicolon ( ; ) to delimit the elements as shown.
Creating matrices:
A matrix is a two-dimensional array of numbers. In MATLAB, a matrix is created by entering each row as a sequence of space or comma separated elements, and end of a row is demarcated by a semicolon. For example, let us create a 3-by-3 matrix as:
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